Why won’t Democrats take their share of the blame in this housing & financial market meltdown?
From a 1999 LA Times article:
“It’s one of the hidden success tales of the Clinton era. In the fantastic housing boom of the 1990s…
Under Clinton, bank regulators have breathed the first real life into enforcement of the Community Reinvestment Act, a 20-year-ancient statute meant to combat “redlining” by requiring banks to serve their low-income communities…
In 1992, Congress mandated that Fannie and Freddie increase their buys of mortgages for low-income and medium-income borrowers. Operating under that requirement… Fannie Mae has agreed to buy more loans with very low down payments–or with mortgage payments that represent an unusually high percentage of a buyer’s income. That’s made banks willing to lend to lower-income families they once might have rejected.
The top priority may be to question more of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The two companies are now required to devote 42% of their portfolios to loans for low- and moderate-income borrowers; HUD, which has the authority to set the targets, is poised to propose an increase this summer. Although Fannie Mae really has exceeded its target since 1994, it is resisting any hike. It argues that a higher target would only produce more loan defaults by pressuring banks to accept unsafe borrowers. HUD says Fannie Mae is resisting more low-income loans because they are less profitable.” [Hmmmm imagine that]
So, this is the result of a 1979 law passed by Jimmy Carter, a 1992 policy mandate by Clinton and Democrat controlled Congress and Senate. They forced Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to push loans on people who couldn’t afford them. When these corporations balked at the prospect, they were accused of being greedy. Now look where we are. Does this make anyone say hmmm?
Source:
http://articles.latimes.com/1999/may/31/news/mn-42807
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Tags:
bank regulators,
clinton era,
community reinvestment act,
Fannie Mae,
fannie mae and freddie mac,
Fannie Mae HUD,
Freddie Mac,
HUD,
income borrowers,
income communities,
income families,
jimmy carter,
la times,
loan defaults,
low income loans,
moderate income,
mortgage payments,
policy mandate,
target,
times article,
top priority
Tags:
bank regulators,
clinton era,
community reinvestment act,
Fannie Mae,
fannie mae and freddie mac,
Freddie Mac,
HUD,
income borrowers,
income communities,
income families,
jimmy carter,
la times,
loan defaults,
low income loans,
moderate income,
mortgage payments,
policy mandate,
target,
times article,
top priority
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Here's a similar article from the New York Times:
Fannie Mae Eases Credit To Aid Mortgage Lending
By STEVEN A. HOLMES
Published: September 30, 1999
In a go that could help increase home ownership rates among minorities and low-income consumers, the Fannie Mae Corporation is easing the credit requirements on loans that it will buy from banks and other lenders.
The action, which will start as a pilot program involving 24 banks in 15 markets — including the New York metropolitan region — will encourage those banks to extend home mortgages to individuals whose credit is generally not excellent enough to qualify for conventional loans. Fannie Mae officials say they hope to make it a nationwide program by next spring.
Fannie Mae, the nation's largest underwriter of home mortgages, has been under increasing pressure from the Clinton Administration to expand mortgage loans among low and moderate income people and felt pressure from stock holders to maintain its phenomenal growth in profits.
In addition, banks, thrift institutions and mortgage companies have been pressing Fannie Mae to help them make more loans to so-called subprime borrowers. These borrowers whose incomes, credit ratings and savings are not excellent enough to qualify for conventional loans, can only get loans from finance companies that charge much higher interest rates — anywhere from three to four percentage points higher than conventional loans.
''Fannie Mae has expanded home ownership for millions of families in the 1990's by reducing down payment requirements,'' said Franklin D. Raines, Fannie Mae's chairman and chief executive officer. ''Yet there remain too many borrowers whose credit is just a notch below what our underwriting has required who have been relegated to paying significantly higher mortgage rates in the so-called subprime market.''
Demographic information on these borrowers is sketchy. But at least one study indicates that 18 percent of the loans in the subprime market went to black borrowers, compared to 5 per cent of loans in the conventional loan market.
In moving, even tentatively, into this new area of lending, Fannie Mae is taking on significantly more risk, which may not pose any difficulties during flush economic times. But the government-subsidized corporation may run into distress in an economic downturn, prompting a government rescue similar to that of the savings and loan industry in the 1980's.
''From the perspective of many people, including me, this is another thrift industry growing up around us,'' said Peter Wallison a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. ''If they fail, the government will have to step up and bail them out the way it stepped up and bailed out the thrift industry.''
Under Fannie Mae's pilot program, consumers who qualify can secure a mortgage with an interest rate one percentage point above that of a conventional, 30-year fixed rate mortgage of less than $240,000 — a rate that currently averages about 7.76 per cent. If the borrower makes his or her monthly payments on time for two years, the one percentage point premium is dropped.
Fannie Mae, the nation's largest underwriter of home mortgages, does not lend money directly to consumers. Instead, it buys loans that banks make on what is called the secondary market. By expanding the type of loans that it will buy, Fannie Mae is hoping to spur banks to make more loans to people with less-than-stellar credit ratings.
Fannie Mae officials stress that the new mortgages will be extended to all potential borrowers who can qualify for a mortgage. But they add that the go is intended in part to increase the number of minority and low income home owners who tend to have worse credit ratings than non-Hispanic whites.
Home ownership has, in fact, exploded among minorities during the economic boom of the 1990's. The number of mortgages extended to Hispanic applicants jumped by 87.2 per cent from 1993 to 1998, according to Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies. During that same period the number of African Americans who got mortgages to buy a home increased by 71.9 per cent and the number of Asian Americans by 46.3 per cent.
In contrast, the number of non-Hispanic whites who received loans for homes increased by 31.2 per cent.
Despite these gains, home ownership rates for minorities continue to lag behind non-Hispanic whites, in part because blacks and Hispanics in particular tend to have on average worse credit ratings.
In July, the Department of Housing and Urban Development proposed that by the year 2001, 50 percent of Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's portfolio be made up of loans to low and moderate-income borrowers. Last year, 44 percent of the loans Fannie Mae bought were from these groups.
The change in policy also comes at the same time that HUD is investigating allegations of racial discrimination in the automated underwriting systems underwriting systems used by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to determine the credit-worthiness of credit applicants.
~original article can be found here
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0DE7DB153EF933A0575AC0A96F958260